With software testing, a number of tests are executed. It may happen that the actual results of the tests vary from the expected results. This is nothing but a defect, also known as an incident, bug, problem or issue.
A bug means that a developer wrote a program or a piece of code that does not behave the way it is supposed to. The word “debug” refers to the process of making the program free of bugs or defects.
Troubleshooting Versus Debugging
- Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting is a process that helps people to identify issues or problems occurring in a system. It happens at a higher level than debugging and applies to many components of a system. - Debugging
Debugging is a subset of troubleshooting that requires finding problems as they relate to computer code.
How To Report A Bug
So, what information does a software tester convey to a developer to help him understand the defect? Typically, an incident report will be created. An incident report contains the following information:
- Defect ID – Unique identification for the defect.
- Defect description – Detailed description of the defect including information about the module in which the defect was found.
- Version – The version of the application in which the defect was found.
- Steps – Detailed steps along with screenshots with which the developer can reproduce the defects.
- Date raised – The date when the defect was raised.
- Reference – Provide reference to the documents references, i.e. requirements, design, architecture, etc.
- Detected by – Name/ID of the tester who raised the defect.
Your incident report will also contain the following information:
- Status – Status of the defect.
- Fixed by – Name/ID of the developer who fixed it.
- Severity – Describes the impact of the defect on the application.
- Priority – this is related to the defect fixing urgency.
- Priority – Could be high, medium or low based on the impact and urgency at which the defect should be fixed.
- Date closed – Date when the defect was closed.
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